职称英语（卫生类）模拟试题（二）
一、单项选择题。
1.A deadly disease has affected these animals.
A. contagious
B. serious
C. fatal
D. worrying
2.America's emphasis on the importance of education for every one has spurred scientific research.
A. encouraged
B. endangered
C. endorsed
D. enlarged(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
3.In 1861, it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.
A. strange
B. certain
C. inconsistent
D. proper
4.Even in a highly modernized country, manual work is still needed.
A. expressive
B. physical
C. exaggerated
D. dubious
5.John is collaborating with Mary in writing a book.
A. cooperating
B. merging
C. combining
D. associating
6.When she was invited to the party, she readily accepted.
A. willingly
B. merging
C. combining
D. associating
7.I rarely wear a raincoat BECause I spend most of my time in a car.
A. normally
B. seldom
C. continuously
D. usually
8.Practically all species of animals communicate either through sounds or through soundless codes.
A. Simultaneously
B. Almost
C. Absolutely
D. Basically
9.I suppose he will give in eventually.
A. in a way
B. in due course
C. in the end
D. in any case
10.Don't get upset about trivial matters.
A. unexpected
B. unusual
C. unimportant
D. uncertain
11.The child couldn't comprehend the profound textbook.
A. interpret
B. read
C. understand
D. translate
12.The steadily rising cost of labor has greatly increased merchandise's prices.
A. continuously
B. quickly
C. excessively
D. exceptionally
13.Mary was compelled to take in washing to help support her family.
A. pleaded
B. appealed
C. forced
D. instructed
14.I warned him to keep the matter confidential.
A. private
B. safe
C. personal
D. secret
15.Nerve signals may travel through nerve or muscle fibers at speeds as high as two hundred miles per hour.
A. velocities
B. impulses
C. ratios
D. percentage
二、综合题。(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
1.第二部分：阅读判断题
American Sports
The United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms: organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is found; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators greatly exceeds the number playing in the game.
Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throughout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket.
Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more than 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80, 000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, and they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.
Basketball is the winter sport in American schools and colleges. Like football, basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football because it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.
Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call themselves sportsmen, the accuracy of term is questionable, as only the jockeys who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do not “assemble” primarily to see the horse race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambling is the attraction of horse racing.
16. Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old in the US.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. The professional baseball teams that play well are allowed to play in the fall after the regular baseball seasons of spring and summer.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. Baseball shares many features with the English game of cricket.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Football can be classified as a spectator sport.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Basketball in American is so popular with universities that nation-wide university matches are held yearly.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
2.第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
1. Researchers have established that when people are mentally engaged, biochemical changes occur in the brain that allow it to act more effectively in cognitively areas such as attention and memory. This is true regardless of age.
2. People will be alert and receptive if they are faced with information that get them to think about things they are interested in, and someone with a history of doing more rather than less will go into old age more cognitively sound than someone who has not had an active mind.
3. Many experts are so convinced of the benefits of challenging the brain that they are putting the theory to work in their own lives. “The idea is not necessarily to learn to memorize enormous amounts of information,” says James Fozard, associate director of the National Institute on Aging. “Most of us don't need that kind of skill. Such specific training is of less interest than being able to maintain mental alertness.” Fozard and others say they challenge their brains to work.
4. Gene Cohen, acting director of the same institute, suggests that people in their old age should engage in mental and physical activities individually as well as in groups. Cohen says that we are frequently advised to keep physically active as we age, but older people need to keep mentally active as well. Those who do are more likely to maintain their intellectual abilities and to be generally happier and better adjusted. “ The point is, you need to do both.” Cohen says, “Intellectual activity actually influences brain-cell health and size.”
23. Paragraph 1 ________
24. Paragraph 2 ________
25. Paragraph 3 ________
26. Paragraph 4 ________
A. It is not beneficial for people to keep mentally active.
B. Intellectual activity can strengthen people's mental health regardless of their age.
C. Old people should engage in both mental and physical activities.
D. Old people only need to engage in physical activities individually.
E. People with an active mind are more cognitively healthy in their old age.
F. Many experts are putting the theory to work in their own lives.
27. If people are faced with information that gets them to think about things they are interested in, they will be________.
28. Many experts are putting the theory to work in their own lives because they are convinced of ________.
29. Such specific training as learning to memorize enormous amounts of information is of less interest than being able to ________.
30. Older people need to keep both ________.
A. physically and mentally active
B. be alert and receptive
C. engage in mental activities
D. the benefits of challenging the brain
E. beneficial and happy
F. maintain mental alertness
3.第四部分：阅读理解 第一篇(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
Vegetarian
A strict vegetarian is a person who never in his life eats anything derived from animals. The main objection to vegetarianism on a long-term basis is the difficulty of getting enough protein, the body-building elements in food. If you have ever been without meat or animal foods for some days or weeks, say, for religious reasons, you will have noticed that you tend to get physically weak. You are glad when the fast is over and you get your reward of a great meat meal.
Proteins are built up from approximately twenty food elements called “amino-acids”, which are found more abundantly in animal protein than in vegetable protein. This means you have to eat a great deal more vegetable than animal food in order to get enough of these amino-acids. A great deal of the vegetable food goes to waste in this process and from the physiological point of view there is not much to be said in favor of life-long vegetarianism.
The economic side of the question, though, must be considered. Vegetable food is much cheaper than animal food. However, since only a small proportion of the vegetable protein is useful for body-building purposes, a consistent vegetarian, if he is to gain the necessary 70 grams of protein a day, has to consume a greater bulk of food than his digestive organs can comfortably deal with. In fairness, though, it must be pointed out that vegetarians claim they need far less than 70 grams of protein a day.
Whether or not vegetarianism should be advocated for adults, it is definitely unsatisfactory for growing children, who need more protein than they can get from vegetable sources.
There is a lacto-vegetarian diet which includes milk and milk products. Meat and cheese are the best sources of usable digestible protein and next come milk, fish and eggs. Slow and careful cooking of meat makes it more digestible and assists in the breaking down of the protein content by the body. When cooking vegetables, however, the vitamins, and in particular the water-soluble vitamin C, should not be lost through over-cooking.
31. A vegetarian is a person who ________.
A. eats the meat of animals only
B. eats the vegetable only
C. drinks milks only
D. eat nothing at all
32. Compared with vegetable protein, animal protein contains ________
A. more proteins
B. more nutrients
C. more minerals
D. more amino-acids
33. The word “lacto-vegetarian” in Paragraph 4 means ________
A. very strict vegetarian
B. they eat fish
C. not strict vegetarian
D. not-vegetarian
34. From the passage, we know that ________.
A. to gain enough protein, one must consume much more vegetable food than animal food
B. cooking vegetables for a long time makes it more digestible
C. milk is the best source of usable animal protein
D. the most common deficiencies in Western diets are those of vitamins
35. Which of the following best reflects the author's attitude?
A. Vegetarianism is good for one's health.
B. Vegetarianism should be advocated for adults.
C. One should have a well-balanced diet containing elements of all foods.
D. A lacto-vegetarian diet is the best as it provides adequate nutrition.
4.第四部分：阅读理解 第二篇(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
Look After Your Voice
Often speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your entire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice.
Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit juice.
If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. Save your voice for your speech. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest your voice. If you need to see a doctor, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice.
What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking.
Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits of a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter”. Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop you new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say that you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.
36.All the following are mentioned in the passage about how to solve the problem of dry mouths EXCEPT ______.
A. to bite the edges of your tongue
B. to ask for a glass of water
C. to imagine you are having a sour fruit
D. to take cool milk
37. What does the writer suggest when you feel you are losing your voice?
A. Rest your voice
B. Drink some alcohol.
C. Ask a singer to teach you how to protect your voice.
D. Never go to see a doctor.
38. What is the writer's advice about alcohol before you give a speech?
A. Drink a little of it to feel all-powerful
B. Don't drink it.
C. Dilute it with water.
D. Drink it two hours before you make a speech.
39. Why does the writer cite Goethe's advice?
A. To prove one can change one's habits.
B. To tell that Goethe had a strong will power.
C. To encourage one to go in for sports.
D. To demonstrate Goethe was creative.
40. In the author's opinion, to change a habit is ________.
A. very difficult
B. very easy
C. completely impossible
D. hard but possible
5.第四部分：阅读理解(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
The Gene Industry
Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial application of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhausted and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metal-hungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water”. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifeforms.
Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills” that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbe, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the the imagination.
Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creation pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate “inferior” people and rear a “super-race”? （Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories.） Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit” babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “savings bank” full of spare kidneys, livers, or hands?
Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates （and opposers） in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who should Play God?, “Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer demand will be exploited and market for the new technology will be created.”
41. According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engineer could probably be checked by _____.
A. using metal-hungry microbes.
B. making use of enzymes.
C. adjusting the engine.
D. patenting new lifeforms.
42. According to the passage, which of the following would worry the critics the most?
A. The unanticipated explosion of the population.
B. The creation of biological solar cells.
C. The accidental spill of oil.
D. The unexpected release of destructive on microbes
43. Which of the following notions is NOT mentioned?
A. Developing a “savings bank” of one's organs.
B. Breeding soldiers for a war.
C. Producing people with cow-like stomachs.
D. Using genetic forecasting to cure disease.
44. According to the passage, Hitler attempted to _____.
A. change the pilots biologically to win the war.
B. develop genetic farming for food supply.
C. kill the people he though of as inferior.
D. encourage the development of genetic weapons for the war.
45. What does Jeremy Gifkin and Ted Howard's statement imply?
A. The commercial applications of genetic engineering are inevitable.
B. America will depend on other countries for biological progress.
C. Americans are proud of their computers, automobiles and genetic technologies.
D. The potential application of each new genetic advance should be controlled.
6.第五部分：补全短文(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
British Columbia is the third largest Canadian province, both in area and population. It is nearly one and a half times as large as Texas, and extends 800 miles （1,280 km） north from the United States border. ___46____.
Most of British Columbia is mountainous, with long, rugged ranges running north and south. ___47_____, During the last Ice Age, this range was scoured by glaciers until most of it was beneath the sea. Its peaks now show as islands scattered along the coast.
The southwestern coastal region has a humid mild marine climate. Sea winds that blow inland from the west are warmed by a current of warm water that flows through the Pacific Ocean. As a result, winter temperatures average above freezing and summers are mild. ____48____.
___49_____, As they rise to cross the mountains, the winds are cooled, and their moisture begins to fall as rain. On some of the western slopes almost 200 inches （500 cm） of rain fall each year.
More than half of British Columbia is heavily forested. ___50_____, These forest giants often grow to be as much as 300 feet （90m） tall, with diameters up to 10 feet （3m）. More lumber is produced from these trees than from any other kind of tree in North America.
A. On mountain slopes that receive plentiful rainfall, huge Douglas first rise in towering columns
B. It includes Canada's entire west coast and the islands just off the coast
C. These warm western winds also carry moisture from the ocean
D. Plants are the basis of the food pyramid for all living things, even for other plants
E. Even the coastal islands are the mains of a mountain range that existed thousands of year ago
F. Inland from the coast, the winds from the Pacific meet the mountain barriers of the coastal ranges and the Rocky Mountains.
7.第六部分：完形填空(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
Margaret Sanger and Birth Control
Margaret Sanger, an American nurse, was the first to start the modern birth control moment in the United States. In 1912, she __51__ publishing information about women's reproductive concerns through articles and books. In 1914, Sanger was charged __52__ violation of the Comstock Law, which federal legislation had passed in 1873 forbidding the mailing of sexy material __53__ information about birth control and contraceptive devices. Though she was put in hail for these activities, Sanger __54__ to publish and spread information about birth control. She and her sister Ethel Byme opened the first of several birth control clinics in America on October 16,1916, in Brooklyn, New York.
The Comstock Law was rewritten by Congress in 1936 to __55__ birth control information and devices. Many states had laws forbidding distribution or use of contraceptive devices but the constitutionality of these laws was increasingly __56__, In 1965, the Supreme Court of the United States rules that married people have the right to practice birth control without government intervention. In 1972, the court __57__ that unmarried people have the same right.
Today there are more birth control options __58__, but overpopulation and unwanted pregnancies remain worldwide __59__. Having more children than one can support may lead __60__ poverty, illness, and high death rates for babies, children, and women.
The problem of teenage pregnancy is __61__ worse in the United States __62__ in almost any other developed country. Studies show that birth rates for women under 20 are higher in the United States than is 29 other __63__ countries. A detailed study suggested that the problem of teenage pregnancy in the United States may be __64__ to less sex education in schools and lower availability of contraceptive services and supplies to young people. This study __65__ the view of people in the United States who argue that sex education or making contraceptive supplies available to school-age children promotes sexual activity.
51 A. offered B. refused C. took D. began
52 A. of B. with C. for D. to
53 A. denying B. linking C. including D. understanding
54 A. continued B. started C. kept D stopped
55 A. exclude B. spread C. forbid D. include
56 A. accepted B. questioned C. confirmed D. favored
57 A. permitted B. knew C. suspected D. held
58 A. than never before B. than before ever
C. than before never D. than ever before
59 A. beliefs B. problems C. gossips D. doubts
60 A. on B. at C. by D. to
61 A. considerably B. adequately C. enough D. more
62 A. as B. for C. than D. over
63 A. developing B. developed C. poor D. acceptable
64 A. related B. popular C. loyal D. concerned
65 A. regards B. suggests C. supports D. counters
答案部分(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
一、单项选择题。
1.
「正确答案」 C
2.
「正确答案」 A
3.
「正确答案」 B
4.
「正确答案」 B
5.
「正确答案」 A
6.
「正确答案」 A
7.
「正确答案」 B
8.
「正确答案」 B
9.
「正确答案」 C
10.
「正确答案」 C
11.
「正确答案」 C
12.
「正确答案」 A
13.
「正确答案」 C
14.
「正确答案」 D
15.
「正确答案」 A
二、综合题。(www.pxzj8.com)版权所有www.pxzj8.com
1.
「正确答案」 16-22. CBAA BCA
2.
「正确答案」 23-30. BEFC BDFA
3.
「正确答案」 31-35 BDCAC
4.
「正确答案」 36－40 DABAD
5.
「正确答案」 41-45 BDDCA
6.
「正确答案」 46-50. BECFA
7.
「正确答案」 51-65. DBCAD BDDBD ACBAD
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